In 1902, Georges Mé s made and released a movie called A Trip to the Moon. In this movie, the spaceship was a small capsule, shaped like a bullet, that was loaded into a giant cannon and aimed at the moon.
This movie was based on a book that came out many years earlier by an author named Jules Verne. One of the fans of the book was a Russian man, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. The book made him think. Could one really shoot people out of a cannon and have them get safely to the moon? He decided one couldn’t, but it got him thinking of other ways one could get people to the moon. He spent his life considering this problem and came up with many solutions.
Some of Tsiolkovsky’s solutions gave scientists in America and Russia ideas when they began to think about space travel. They also thought about airplanes they and other people had made, and even big bombs that could fly themselves very long distances.
Many scientists spent years working together to solve the problem. They drew and discussed different designs until they agreed on the ones that were the best. Then, they built small models of those designs, and tested them until they felt ready to build even bigger models. They made full-scale rockets, which they launched without any people inside, to test for safety. Often the rockets weren’t safe, and they exploded right there on the launch pad, or shot off in crazy directions like a balloon that you blow up and release without tying it first. After many, many tests, they started to send small animals into space. Only after a long time did they ever put a person inside a rocket and shoot him into space.
Even after they began sending people into space, scientists were still trying to improve the shape of the rockets. The design changed many times, and eventually ended up looking like a half-rocket and half-airplane. The machine called space shuttle was used for many years. Now, the government lets private companies try their own designs for spaceships, and they have come up with many different, crazy-looking machines.
1. In the movie A trip to the Moon, the spaceship was sent to the moon ________.
A. in a capsule
B. in a bullet
C. by a cannon
D. by a gun
2. The movie was based on a book written by ________.
A. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
B. an unknown author
C. Georges Mé sliè
D. Jules Verne
3. Before the invention of a spaceship, possible solutions of space travel included all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A. bombs
B. balloons
C. airplanes
D. Rockets
4. What is Paragraph4 mainly about?
A. It took a long time and hard work to send a person into space.
B. American scientists worked better than Russian scientists.
C. Scientists from Russia and America had close cooperation.
D. The design of the rocket was inspired by the movie A trip to the moon.
5. The word “shoot”(Para.4) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. send with great force
B. break into many pieces
C. Fix a problem
D. attack with a weapon.
1.【答案】 C
【考点】 细节判断
【分析】问题问在电影《月球之旅》中，宇宙飞船被什么送上月球的。利用浏览式阅读，我们可以在文章第一段最后一句话中找到相关信息：在这部电影中，宇宙飞船是一个小的太空舱，形状像子弹，被装载进一个巨大的大炮，瞄准了月球。由此我们可以判断，宇宙飞船是由一个大炮发射的。所以，本题的正确答案是C，大炮，加农炮。
【误项排除】选择项A：胶囊，太空舱;B：子弹;D：枪，枪状物;这三个答案都不是原文的内容，均为干扰项。
2.【答案】 D
【考点】 细节判断
【分析】问题问这部电影是根据谁写的一本书改编而来的。利用查阅式阅读，我们可以在文章第二段第一句话中找到相关的内容：这部电影是基于许多年前一位名叫儒勒·凡尔纳的作家写的一本书。由此我们可以判断出本题的正确答案是D，儒勒·凡尔纳。
【误项排除】选择项A：康斯坦丁·齐奥尔科夫斯基;B：一位无名作者;C：乔治·梅里爱;这三个答案均为干扰项。
3.【答案】 B
【考点】 细节判断
【分析】问题问在宇宙飞船发明之前，可能的太空旅行解决方案包括以下所有的方式除了哪个以外，即下面哪个不是可能的太空旅行解决方案。利用查阅式阅读，文章第三段指出：美国和俄罗斯的科学家们开始思考太空旅行的时候，齐奥尔科夫斯基的一些解决方案给了他们一些创意。他们也想到了他们和其他人已经制造出来的飞机，甚至是可以自行飞得很远的大炸弹。由此我们可以判断出这里提到的解决方案有飞机和大炸弹。而第四段重点介绍了火箭。因此，本题的正确答应是B，气球。
【误项排除】选择项A：炸弹，原文中提到了;C：飞机;文章中也提到了;D：火箭，原文第四段重点介绍的;所以，这三个选择项均为干扰项。
4.【答案】 A
【考点】 段落大意
【分析】问题问第四段主要是关于什么内容的。第四段指出：许多科学家花了数年的时间共同努力来解决这个问题。他们起草并讨论了不同的设计，直到他们对最好的设计达成认同为止。然后，他们按照这些设计建造了小模型，并对这些模型反复进行测试，直到他们觉得已经准备好建造更大的模型为止。他们制造了与实物一样大小的火箭，进行了无人火箭发射，以测试安全性。通常火箭是不安全的，它们会就在发射台上爆炸了，或者像吹起的气球还没系住就疯狂地四处乱飞了。经过许多次的测试，科学家们开始把小动物送入太空。又过了很长一段时间之后，他们才把一个人放进火箭，把他送入太空。段落的首尾句与段落大意的概括有最直接的关系，因为首尾句通常是主题句。由此我们可以总结出第四段的段落大意是要花很长时间才可以把人放进火箭送入太空。所以，本题的正确答案是A，花了很长时间和艰苦的工作才把一个人送入太空。
选择项B：美国科学家比俄罗斯科学家工作得更好，不符合原文的内容;C：来自俄罗斯和美国的科学家密切合作，文章中没有提到这个内容;D：火箭的设计灵感来自于电影《月球之旅》，原文中没有提及。所以，这三个答案均为干扰项。
5.【答案】 A
【考点】 词语含义
【分析】问题问第四段中shoot这个词与下面哪个表述语义最相近。Shoot的本意是“射击，发射”，指用力迅速发出枪弹、炮弹、火箭、电波、人造卫星等。所以，本题的正确答案是A，用力发射，以极大的力量发送。
【误项排除】选择项B：分解成许多块碎片，破成碎片;C：解决问题;D：用武器攻击。这三个答案都不是shoot的正确含义，均为干扰项。
