英语中的关联词(conjunctions)和连接词(linking words)用于连接句子或句子成分,以增强文章的连贯性和逻辑性。以下是一些常见的关联词及其分类:
1. 并列连词(Coordinating Conjunctions)
这些词用于连接两个平等的句子成分,如单词、短语或独立分句。
and(和):表示并列或补充
She likes apples and oranges.
but(但是):表示转折或对比
He is smart but lazy.
or(或者):表示选择
You can have tea or coffee.
nor(也不):用于否定
She neither called nor wrote.
for(因为):表示原因
He couldn’t come, for he was sick.
so(所以):表示结果
She studied hard, so she passed the exam.
yet(然而):表示转折或对比
It’s late, yet they are still working.
2. 从属连词(Subordinating Conjunctions)
这些词用于引导从句,表示从句与主句之间的关系,如原因、时间、条件等。
because(因为):表示原因
She stayed home because she was sick.
although(尽管):表示让步
Although it was raining, they went out.
if(如果):表示条件
If it rains, we will stay inside.
when(当…时候):表示时间
Call me when you arrive.
since(自从/因为):表示时间或原因
She has been happy since she got the job.
unless(除非):表示条件
You won’t succeed unless you work hard.
while(当…时候/虽然):表示时间或对比
She was reading while he was cooking.
before(在…之前):表示时间
Finish your homework before you go out.
after(在…之后):表示时间
They left after the movie ended.
3. 连接副词(Conjunctive Adverbs)
这些词用于连接两个独立的句子,通常需要使用分号或句号。
however(然而):表示转折
She is very smart; however, she can be careless.
therefore(因此):表示结果
He was late; therefore, he missed the meeting.
moreover(此外):表示补充
The book is interesting; moreover, it is educational.
nevertheless(尽管如此):表示转折
The task was difficult; nevertheless, they completed it.
consequently(结果):表示结果
It rained heavily; consequently, the match was canceled.
thus(因此):表示结果
She did not study; thus, she failed the test.
meanwhile(与此同时):表示时间
He was cooking; meanwhile, she was setting the table.
4. 常用连接词和短语(Linking Words and Phrases)
这些词和短语常用于连接句子和段落,使文章更加连贯。
in addition(此外):表示补充
In addition to his job, he is also studying.
on the other hand(另一方面):表示对比
He is strict; on the other hand, he is fair.
for example(例如):表示举例
Many students enjoy sports; for example, soccer and basketball are very popular.
in conclusion(总结):用于总结
In conclusion, we must all work together to solve this problem.
as a result(结果):表示结果
He didn’t prepare well; as a result, he didn’t pass the exam.
in fact(事实上):表示强调
She is very talented; in fact, she won several awards.
以上就是英语关联词有哪些的问题解答,这些关联词和连接词在写作和口语中都有广泛的应用,合理地使用它们可以使表达更加清晰、连贯和有逻辑。